What is Multi-Stream Transport (MST)?

                      What is Multi-Stream Transport (MST)?

Multi-Stream Transport (MST) is a unique feature of DisplayPort that allows users to connect multiple external displays through one port. MST was first introduced by the VESA Association in 2009 and incorporated into the DisplayPort 1.2 standard in 2010. Compared with Single Stream Transport (SST), MST is able to split a video signal into multiple independent streams, thereby displaying different content on multiple displays simultaneously. The introduction of this technology has greatly improved work efficiency, allowing users to better multitask.

How MST works

MST technology splits a single video signal into multiple streams that can be displayed independently on the connected displays. Users can connect multiple displays through a single DisplayPort (DP) port to create a larger and more immersive workspace.

There are two main ways to connect MST: daisy chain and connection through a third-party device (such as MST Hub or KVM switch). Daisy chain mode allows users to connect the DP input port of one display to the computer, and then connect to the next display through the DP output port to achieve device serial connection.

If you want a more flexible split-screen format, you can also use third-party devices, such as MST HUB or KVM switch. When using it, connect the original host to the third-party device via a cable, and then output multiple video signals, which are connected to each monitor separately, to achieve multi-screen operation.

What are the advantages of MST?

MST technology supports a single DP or USB-C connection to transmit multiple independent video signals. This allows users to extend multiple monitors without having to set up separate connections for each monitor, providing a wider field of view for work or entertainment.

Connection optimization: Transmitting signals for multiple monitors through a single cable, this one-to-many daisy chain connection simplifies cable management and makes multi-screen settings easier to connect.

Improve efficiency: Using MST's multi-monitor setup, you can have multiple independent views to handle different applications and documents, and open different content at the same time, thereby improving work efficiency and making multitasking easier.

Expand space: MST supports extending or mirroring multiple monitors, providing a wider field of view and screen visual space for encoding, data analysis, and software testing.

Limitations of Multi-Stream Transport

Multi-Stream Transport (MST) is a breakthrough technology in digital display that enables the use of multiple monitors over a single DisplayPort connection. While MST is a great help in improving productivity and work efficiency, it also has some limitations, mainly in terms of operating system compatibility, hardware requirements, and the use of third-party adapters.

Operating System and Hardware Compatibility

The compatibility of MST depends largely on the operating system used. Starting with Windows 10, MST fully supports Windows, which means that users can seamlessly enjoy the benefits of multiple monitors. The operating system has built-in support for configuring and managing MST hubs or daisy-chain setups, which makes it relatively easy for Windows users to extend their desktop to multiple screens or use them individually.

However, there are compatibility issues with macOS. Apple's operating system does not natively support MST, and there is no way to extend the desktop to multiple displays over a single connection. Instead, macOS treats the MST hub as a single display, limiting its usefulness by mirroring content on all connected displays (rather than extending it). This is a big drawback for Mac users who want to take advantage of MST to improve their work efficiency.

Linux users may find varying levels of support for MST, depending on the distribution, kernel version, and specific hardware drivers. While support for MST has improved, ensuring seamless MST support may require additional configuration or updates.

Hardware Requirements

MST implementation also requires specific hardware capabilities, including DisplayPort 1.2 (or higher) output on the video source and support on the graphics card. The attached monitor does not need to support DisplayPort 1.2, but if daisy-chained, the first monitor in the chain does. This requirement may limit the use of older devices or may require an upgrade for users who wish to adopt an MST setup.

Third-Party Adapters

Third-party adapters are essential to bridge compatibility gaps or enhance connectivity options. However, not all third-party MST hubs and adapters are created equal. Differences in build quality, support for different resolutions and refresh rates, and compatibility with specific operating systems or hardware can significantly impact the user experience. It is important to select reputable adapters that guarantee compatibility with the target device and support the necessary resolutions and refresh rates.